Madni Qaida in English Page 25 – Lesson 7 Chart and Lesson 8: Khari (Vertical) Harakaat
Welcome to Madni Qaida in English Page 25 at Learning Quraan. Page 25 completes the Maddah chart and begins Lesson 8, the Vertical (Khari) Harakaat: the standing Zabar, the standing Zayr and the inverted Paysh.
This page is part of Lesson 8: Khari Harakaat (Vertical Vowels). See every page on the Madni Qaida in English index, or learn with a teacher in our online Quran courses.
What is on Madni Qaida in English Page 25?
- The last rows of Maddah practice, including يَا, يُو and يِي.
- What the three vertical vowel signs look like.
- Khari Harakaat are stretched like the Letters of Maddah, one Alif (two counts).
How to Practise This Page
- Treat the standing Zabar, standing Zayr and inverted Paysh exactly like Maddah: two counts.
- Keep contrasting the similar-sounding letters as you did in Lesson 4.
- Look at the vowel mark first, then say the letter with the right length.
The Last Maddah Sounds of Lesson 7
The four rows at the top finish the Lesson 7 chart that runs from page 24. Eight letters, each joined to all three Letters of Maddah, and every one stretched for two counts:
| Letter | With Alif | With Waw | With Ya |
|---|---|---|---|
| ك Kaf | كَا kaa | كُوْ koo | كِیْ kee |
| ل Lam | لَا laa | لُوْ loo | لِیْ lee |
| م Meem | مَا maa | مُوْ moo | مِیْ mee |
| ن Noon | نَا naa | نُوْ noo | نِیْ nee |
| و Waw | وَا waa | وُوْ woo | وِیْ wee |
| ه Ha | هَا haa | هُوْ hoo | هِیْ hee |
| ا Alif (Hamzah) | اٰ aa | اُوْ oo | اِیْ ee |
| ی Ya | یَا yaa | یُوْ yoo | یِیْ yee |
- لَا is Lam joined to Alif, written as the Lam-Alif shape from Lesson 2: “laa”.
- اٰ Instead of writing two Alifs, the first box of the Alif row puts a small vertical Fathah on the Alif. It is read “aa”, just like an Alif Maddah. That mark is the subject of Lesson 8, which starts on this page.
- وُوْ and یِیْ: the same letter appears twice, once as the moving letter and once as the Letter of Maddah: “woo”, “yee”.
Lesson 8: The Khari (Vertical) Harakaat
Lesson 8 adds three new marks. They look like the ordinary Harakaat stood on end, and they are called the Khari Harakaat:
| Mark | Name | Read like | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ـٰ | Khara Zabar (vertical Fathah) | Fathah + Alif: “aa” | تٰ taa |
| ـٖ | Khari Zer (vertical Kasrah) | Kasrah + Ya: “ee” | تٖ tee |
| ـٗ | Ulta Pesh (inverted Dammah) | Dammah + Waw: “oo” | تٗ too |
The page explains why they are long: each one stands in place of a Letter of Maddah. So they are stretched exactly like the Letters of Maddah, for one Alif, which is two Harakaat. The page also asks for the same care as Lesson 4: keep the sound-alike letters clearly apart.
Where You Will Meet Them
The Quran printed in the Indo-Pak script uses these marks constantly. Three familiar examples:
| Word | Mark | Where it occurs |
|---|---|---|
| الرَّحْمٰنِ | Khara Zabar on Meem: “raḥmaani” | Surah al-Fatihah 1:3 |
| بِهٖ | Khari Zer on Ha: “bihee” | Surah al-Baqarah 2:22 |
| لَهٗ | Ulta Pesh on Ha: “lahoo” | Surah al-Baqarah 2:255 (Ayat al-Kursi) |
Mistakes to Watch For
- Reading Khara Zabar short. تٰ is “taa”, two counts, not “ta”.
- Mistaking Ulta Pesh for Dammah. تٗ (long “too”) and تُ (short “tu”) look alike; the Ulta Pesh is turned the other way.
- Missing the Khari Zer. It is a small vertical stroke under the letter, easy to read as a Kasrah.
A Five-Minute Practice Plan
- Minute 1: read the four Lesson 7 rows, two counts on every box.
- Minute 2: compare: كَا then كُوْ then كِیْ, then the same sounds in Lesson 8 form: كٰ then كٗ then كٖ.
- Minute 3: short against long: تَ then تٰ; تِ then تٖ; تُ then تٗ.
- Minute 4: read the three Quran words in the table above.
- Minute 5: read the Check Yourself line below.
Check Yourself
لَا · مُوْ · نِیْ · هَا · اٰ · یُوْ · تٰ · تٖ · تٗ
Source: the page shown above is from the Madani Qa‘idah (English edition), Lessons 7 and 8, book page 14, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami). Quran references are given as surah and verse. Lesson notes written by Learning Quraan.
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Page images: Madani Qa’idah, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami), shown here as a study reference.
