Madni Qaida in English Page 42 – Lesson 14: Noon Saakinah and Tanween (Idgham and Iqlab)
Welcome to Madni Qaida in English Page 42 at Learning Quraan. Lesson 14 completes the Noon Saakinah and Tanween rules with Idgham and Iqlab, and shows how to spell them.
This page is part of Lesson 14: Noon Saakinah and Tanween (Idgham and Iqlab). See every page on the Madni Qaida in English index, or learn with a teacher in our online Quran courses.
What is on Madni Qaida in English Page 42?
- Idgham with the six Yarmaloon letters ي ر م ل و ن.
- No Ghunnah with ر and ل; Ghunnah with the other four.
- Iqlab: before ب, the Noon turns into a Meem with Ghunnah.
How to Practise This Page
- Learn the six Yarmaloon letters: ي ر م ل و ن.
- Merge without Ghunnah into ر and ل, and with Ghunnah into the other four.
- Before ب, change the Noon sound into a Meem with Ghunnah: that is Iqlab.
Lesson 14: Idgham and Iqlab
Lesson 14 completes the four rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween that Lesson 12 began. Izhar and Ikhfa are done; the last two are:
| Rule | When | How it sounds |
|---|---|---|
| Idgham with Ghunnah | A Noon Saakinah or Tanween is followed by ی م و ن | The Noon merges into the next letter, which is doubled, with Ghunnah |
| Idgham without Ghunnah | It is followed by ر ل | The Noon merges completely; no Ghunnah |
| Iqlab | It is followed by ب | The Noon turns into a Meem, read with Ghunnah |
The six Idgham letters are remembered as the word يَرْمَلُوْنَ (Yarmaloon): ی ر م ل و ن. Four of them, ی م و ن (often remembered as يَنْمُوْ), take Ghunnah; ر and ل do not.
What Idgham Means in Practice
Idgham means merging. The Noon is not said at all; the next letter is doubled, as if it had a Tashdeed, which is why the page prints a Tashdeed on it: مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ is read “may-yaqoolu”. With ی م و ن the merged sound is held in the nose for about two counts. Idgham happens between two words: the Noon ends one word and the Yarmaloon letter starts the next. (Inside a single word, such as دُنْيَا, there is no Idgham.)
Spelling an Idgham
The page spells مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ in the joined way from Lesson 10:
| Step | Spell | Joined so far |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Meem, Noon, Ya, Zabar | مَنْ يَ |
| 2 | Qaf, Waw, Pesh: “qoo” | مَنْ يَّقُوْ |
| 3 | Lam, Pesh: “lu” | مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ “may-ya-qoo-lu” |
The Eight Examples on Page 42
All eight are Idgham with Ghunnah, two for each of ی و م ن:
| Example | Rule | Next letter | Where it occurs |
|---|---|---|---|
| مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ | Idgham with Ghunnah | ی | Surah al-Baqarah 2:8 |
| مِنْ وَّرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ | Idgham with Ghunnah | و | Surah al-A‘raf 7:22 |
| مِنْ يَّوْمٍ | Idgham with Ghunnah | ی | |
| مِنْ وَّلِيٍّ | Idgham with Ghunnah | و | Surah al-Baqarah 2:107 |
| مِنْ مَّشْهَدٍ | Idgham with Ghunnah | م | |
| مِنْ مِّثْلِهٖ | Idgham with Ghunnah | م | Surah al-Baqarah 2:23 |
| مِنْ نَّصِيْرٍ | Idgham with Ghunnah | ن | |
| مِنْ نُّطْفَةٍ | Idgham with Ghunnah | ن | Surah ‘Abasa 80:19 |
Mistakes to Watch For
- Saying the Noon. مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ is not “man yaqoolu”.
- No Ghunnah. مِنْ مِّثْلِهٖ needs the nasal hold on the doubled Meem.
- Ghunnah with Ra and Lam. These come on the next page, and they have none.
A Five-Minute Practice Plan
- Minute 1: say the six letters of يَرْمَلُوْنَ and sort them: with Ghunnah, without.
- Minute 2: spell مَنْ يَّقُوْلُ the book’s way.
- Minute 3: read the first row of examples.
- Minute 4: read the second row, holding each Ghunnah.
- Minute 5: read the Check Yourself line below.
Check Yourself
مِنْ وَّرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ · مِنْ يَّوْمٍ · مِنْ وَّلِيٍّ · مِنْ مَّشْهَدٍ · مِنْ نَّصِيْرٍ
Source: the page shown above is from the Madani Qa‘idah (English edition), Lesson 14, book page 31, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami). Quran references are given as surah and verse. Lesson notes written by Learning Quraan.
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Page images: Madani Qa’idah, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami), shown here as a study reference.
