Madni Qaida in English Page 33 – Lesson 11: Sukoon Chart and Exercise
Welcome to Madni Qaida in English Page 33 at Learning Quraan. Page 33 finishes the Sukoon chart and gives the first exercise of short words with Sukoon, including words with Qalqalah.
This page is part of Lesson 11: Sukoon (Jazm) and Qalqalah. See every page on the Madni Qaida in English index, or learn with a teacher in our online Quran courses.
What is on Madni Qaida in English Page 33?
- Notes that Zayr is not used before Waw Saakin and Paysh is not used before Ya Saakin.
- Short words such as قُلْ, مِنْ, عَنْ and بَلْ.
- Words such as اصطبر and مستطر that combine heavy letters and Sukoon.
How to Practise This Page
- Join a Saakin letter to the moving letter before it.
- Stop the sound sharply on Hamzah Saakinah.
- Let the five Qalqalah letters (qutbu jad) bounce clearly when they are Saakin.
The Last Letters of the Sukoon Chart
The four rows at the top finish the Lesson 11 chart from page 32:
| Letter | After Fathah | After Kasrah | After Dammah |
|---|---|---|---|
| و Waw | اَوْ aw | not used | اُوْ uw |
| ف Fa | اَفْ af | اِفْ if | اُفْ uf |
| ل Lam | اَلْ al | اِلْ il | اُلْ ul |
| ن Noon | اَنْ an | اِنْ in | اُنْ un |
| ر Ra | اَرْ ar | اِرْ ir | اُرْ ur |
| ج Jeem (Qalqalah) | اَجْ aj | اِجْ ij | اُجْ uj |
| ش Sheen | اَشْ ash | اِشْ ish | اُشْ ush |
| ی Ya | اَیْ ay | اِیْ iy | not used |
Why Two Boxes Are Empty
Two boxes carry a note instead of a sound: a Kasrah is not used before a Waw Saakin, and a Dammah is not used before a Ya Saakin. The rest of the Waw and Ya boxes are already familiar: اُوْ “oo” and اِیْ “ee” are Letters of Maddah (Lesson 7), and اَوْ “aw” and اَیْ “ay” are Letters of Leen (Lesson 9).
Also note Jeem, the fifth Qalqalah letter, in red: اَجْ. And Ra: اَرْ and اُرْ are heavy, while اِرْ is light here because of the Kasrah before it.
The Exercise: Twenty Words
The exercise puts the Sukoon into real words. The first two rows are short words of two letters; the last two rows add Qalqalah in the middle and at the end of words:
| Word | Read | Where it occurs |
|---|---|---|
| قُلْ | qul | Surah al-Ikhlas 112:1 |
| اِنْ | in | |
| عَنْ | ‘an | |
| مَنْ | man | |
| بَلْ | bal | |
| لَمْ | lam | Surah al-Ikhlas 112:3 |
| كُمْ | kum | |
| هُمْ | hum | |
| ذُقْ | dhuq (Qalqalah) | Surah ad-Dukhan 44:49 |
| قَدْ | qad (Qalqalah) | Surah al-A‘la 87:14 |
| اِصْطَبِرْ | iṣ-ṭa-bir | Surah Maryam 19:65 |
| مُسْتَطَرٌ | mus-ta-ṭa-run | Surah al-Qamar 54:53 |
| فَاغْفِرْ | fagh-fir | Surah Al ‘Imran 3:16 |
| اَعْيُنٌ | a‘-yu-nun | Surah al-A‘raf 7:179 |
| اَعْنَابًا | a‘-naa-ban | Surah an-Naba 78:32 |
| زَجْرَةٌ | zaj-ra-tun (Qalqalah) | Surah an-Nazi‘at 79:13 |
| نُطْفَةٍ | nuṭ-fa-tin (Qalqalah) | Surah ‘Abasa 80:19 |
| مُدْهِنُوْنَ | mud-hi-noo-na (Qalqalah) | Surah al-Waqi‘ah 56:81 |
| اَبْوَابًا | ab-waa-ban (Qalqalah) | Surah an-Naba 78:19 |
| فَافْرُقْ | faf-ruq (Qalqalah) | Surah al-Ma’idah 5:25 |
In فَاغْفِرْ and فَافْرُقْ the Alif after the Fa has no mark and is not read: the Fa joins straight onto the Saakin letter after it.
Mistakes to Watch For
- Adding a vowel to a Saakin letter. قُلْ is “qul”, not “qulu”.
- Flat Qalqalah. قَدْ and ذُقْ need a clear bounce at the end.
- Losing the heavy sound. In اِصْطَبِرْ both the Ṣad and the Ṭa are heavy.
A Five-Minute Practice Plan
- Minute 1: read the four chart rows.
- Minute 2: the two-letter words: قُلْ then اِنْ then عَنْ then مَنْ then بَلْ.
- Minute 3: spell مُدْهِنُوْنَ the joined way, then read it Rawan.
- Minute 4: the Qalqalah row: زَجْرَةٌ then نُطْفَةٍ then اَبْوَابًا then فَافْرُقْ.
- Minute 5: read the Check Yourself line below.
Check Yourself
اَجْ · اِرْ · اُشْ · ذُقْ · قَدْ · مُسْتَطَرٌ · اَعْنَابًا · نُطْفَةٍ
Source: the page shown above is from the Madani Qa‘idah (English edition), Lesson 11, book page 22, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami). Quran references are given as surah and verse. Lesson notes written by Learning Quraan.
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Page images: Madani Qa’idah, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami), shown here as a study reference.
