Madni Qaida in English Page 50 – Lesson 18: Huroof Muqatta'at
Welcome to Madni Qaida in English Page 50 at Learning Quraan. Lesson 18 covers the disjointed letters at the start of some Surahs, read letter by letter with full Madd and Ghunnah.
This page is part of Lesson 18: Huroof Muqatta’at (Disjointed Letters). See every page on the Madni Qaida in English index, or learn with a teacher in our online Quran courses.
What is on Madni Qaida in English Page 50?
- The two ways to read Alif Lam Meem Allah: joined (Wasl) and paused (Waqf).
- A chart of Muqatta’at such as صٓ, قٓ, نٓ, طٰهٰ and يٰسٓ.
- Longer sets such as حٰمٓ عٓسٓقٓ and كٓهٰيٰعٓصٓ with their spelled-out names.
How to Practise This Page
- Read each letter by its name, the way it is spelt out under the chart.
- Stretch the Madd in the letter names fully, and add Ghunnah where Ikhfa or Idgham happens.
- Practise Alif Lam Meem Allah both joined (Wasl) and paused (Waqf).
Lesson 18: The Muqatta‘at Letters
Some surahs of the Quran open with separate letters, such as الٓمّٓ or يٰسٓ. These are the Huroof-e-Muqatta‘at. The page gives three instructions:
- They appear only at the start of certain surahs.
- Each letter is read separately, by its name, with every Madd stretched to its full length, and with Ghunnah wherever Ikhfa or Idgham occurs between the names.
- الٓمّٓ ○ اللّٰهُ at the start of Surah Al ‘Imran can be read two ways: joined (Wasl), اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمَ اللّٰهُ, or with a pause (Waqf), اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمْ ○ اَللّٰهُ.
All Sixteen on the Chart
The chart prints each set of letters with its spoken form underneath. Here they are with the surah where each one opens:
| Letters | Read as | Opens |
|---|---|---|
| صٓ | صَادْ | Surah Sad 38:1 |
| قٓ | قَافْ | Surah Qaf 50:1 |
| نٓ | نُوْنْ | Surah al-Qalam 68:1 |
| طٰهٰ | طَاهَا | Surah Ta-Ha 20:1 |
| يٰسٓ | يَاسِيْنْ | Surah Ya-Sin 36:1 |
| طٰسٓ | طَاسِيْنْ | Surah an-Naml 27:1 |
| حٰمٓ | حَامِيْمْ | Surah Ghafir 40:1 |
| الٓرٰ | اَلِفْ لَامْ رَا | Surah Yunus 10:1 |
| الٓمّٓ | اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمْ | Surah al-Baqarah 2:1 |
| الٓمّٓرٰ | اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمْ رَا | Surah ar-Ra‘d 13:1 |
| عٓسٓقٓ | عَيْنْ سِيْنْ قَافْ | Surah ash-Shura 42:2 |
| طٰسٓمّٓ | طَاسِيْنْ مِّيْمْ | Surah ash-Shu‘ara 26:1 |
| الٓمّٓصٓ | اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمْ صَادْ | Surah al-A‘raf 7:1 |
| الٓمّٓ ○ اللّٰهُ | اَلِفْ لَامْ مِّيْمْ ○ اَللّٰهُ | Surah Al ‘Imran 3:1–2 |
| كٓهٰيٰعٓصٓ | كَافْ هَا يَا عَيْنْ صَادْ | Surah Maryam 19:1 |
How Long Is Each Name?
- Names of three letters with a Letter of Maddah in the middle (صَادْ, قَافْ, نُوْنْ, سِيْنْ, مِيْمْ, لَامْ, كَافْ) end in an original Sukoon, so they take Madd Lazim from Lesson 17: six counts.
- Names of two letters (طَا, هَا, يَا, حَا, رَا) have only the natural stretch of two counts.
- عَيْنْ has a Letter of Leen before the Sukoon (Madd Leen Lazim).
- Alif (اَلِفْ) has no Madd at all.
Ghunnah Between the Names
When names are joined, the rules of Noon and Meem Saakinah apply: in لَامْ مِّيْمْ the two Meems merge with Ghunnah, in طَاسِيْنْ مِّيْمْ the Noon merges into the Meem with Ghunnah, and in عَيْنْ سِيْنْ قَافْ and عَيْنْ صَادْ the Noon is hidden (Ikhfa).
A Five-Minute Practice Plan
- Minute 1: the single letters: صٓ then قٓ then نٓ, six counts each.
- Minute 2: the two-letter names: طٰهٰ then يٰسٓ then حٰمٓ.
- Minute 3: الٓمّٓ with the Ghunnah between Lam and Meem.
- Minute 4: الٓمّٓ ○ اللّٰهُ both ways.
- Minute 5: كٓهٰيٰعٓصٓ slowly, then at normal pace.
Check Yourself
قٓ · طٰسٓ · الٓرٰ · عٓسٓقٓ · طٰسٓمّٓ · الٓمّٓصٓ
Source: the page shown above is from the Madani Qa‘idah (English edition), Lesson 18, book page 39, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami). Surah references give the verse where each set of letters occurs. Lesson notes written by Learning Quraan.
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Page images: Madani Qa’idah, published by Maktaba-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami), shown here as a study reference.
